Female Genital Mutilation/Cutting in the Swiss HIV Cohort Study: A Cross-Sectional Study (2021)

This study is a Descriptive research regarding All FGM/C with the following characteristics: Author(s): Mauri F.,Casanova S.E,Cavassini M,Stoeckle M and Wandeler Get al FGM/C Type(s): All Health area of focus: None. Objective: The study aimed to generate descriptive statistics about FGM/C among HIV positive migrant women included in the Swiss HIV cohort study (SHCS). Study Population: HIV positive migrant women included in the Swiss HIV cohort study (SHCS) Findings: The findings show that FMG/C is common (21%) in the SHCS female population originating from Africa. Such data may be largely underestimated given the 33.6% of non-respondents. The vast majority (70%) of the women reporting to have been cut had never discussed FGM/C with a health professional before the study. Conclusions FMG/C is common in the SHCS female population originating from Africa,but often overlooked by health professionals working with this population. FGM/C screening,diagnosis,care and prevention could be improved significantly through training and information. Geographical coverage Region(s):Western Europe Country(ies):Switzerland Source

September 8, 2023

Female genital mutilation/cutting in the UK: Challenging the inconsistencies (2010)

This study is a Exploratory research regarding All FGM/C with the following characteristics: Author(s): Moira Dustin FGM/C Type(s): All Health area of focus: None. Objective: To interrogate debates about FGM/C in the context of measures to reduce it in the UK over recent decades Study Population: Relied on articles Findings: The research argued that FGM/C reduction strategies were undermined by inconsistencies in the law and the failure to back up the law with research and education Geographical coverage Region(s):Northern Europe Country(ies):United Kingdom Source

Female genital mutilation/cutting in the United States: Updated estimates of women and girls at Risk,2012 (2016)

This study is a Descriptive research regarding All FGM/C with the following characteristics: Author(s): Goldberg H, Stupp P, Okoroh E, Besera G, Goodman D, Danel I FGM/C Type(s): All Health area of focus: None. Objective: To update an earlier estimate of the number of women and girls in the United States who were at risk for FGM/C or its consequences Study Population: Women,Girls Findings: Approximately 513,000 women and girls in the United States were at risk for FGM/C or its consequences in 2012,which was more than three times higher than the earlier estimate,based on 1990 data. The increase in the number of women and girls younger than 18 years of age at risk for FGM/C was more than four times that of previous estimates Geographical coverage Region(s):North America Country(ies):United States Source

Female Genital Mutilation/Cutting Resulting in Genital Tract Obstruction and Sexual Dysfunction: A Case Report and Literature Review (2021)

This study is a Exploratory research regarding III FGM/C with the following characteristics: Author(s): Seidu A.S,Osman H.D, Bimpong K.A and Afriyie K. FGM/C Type(s): III Health area of focus: Genital Tract Obstruction and Sexual Dysfunction. Objective: The objective of this article is to illustrate how FGM/C resulted in sexual dysfunction in a young woman married for 2 years Study Population: A 19-year-old female who was subjected to female genital cutting in her formative years Findings: The findings present a case study of a 19-year-old female who was subjected to female genital cutting in her formative years who presented with apareunia for 2 years in her marriage. The results illustrated how FGM/C led to a genital tract obstruction with resultant sexual dysfunction. Examination revealed a Type 3 FGM/C (infibulation) with almost complete occlusion of the genital tract. She underwent a successful defibulation and resumed sexual activity with her husband within 6 weeks of the procedure. The authors reported a case of a patient experiencing sexual difficulties due to infibulation. Defibulation allowed this patient to engage in sexual intercourse with her partner within 6 weeks following surgery. Geographical coverage Region(s):Western Africa Country(ies):Ghana Source

Female genital mutilation/cutting type IV in Cambodia: a case report (2015)

This study is a Descriptive research regarding IV FGM/C with the following characteristics: Author(s): Abdulcadir J, Irion O, de Tejada BM FGM/C Type(s): IV Health area of focus: psychophysical,Gynaecological,sexual. Objective: To report a new form of FGM/C type IV,performed by a surgeon in a country where FGM/C have never been reported before; to present the management and counseling of the patient,and to discuss the definition of FGCS,FGM/C,medicalization,and autonomous and informed consent to the practices Study Population: A woman from Cambodia who presented herself in a Switzerland with type IV FGM Findings: The patient delivered vaginally at term without any feto-maternal complications and with no perineal tear after inferior defibulation was performed during the first stage of labor,under loco regional anesthesia. The labia minora were reconstructed with simple separated stiches of Vycril 3.0,Ethicon. Delivery and postpartum follow-up were uneventful. After 6 weeks postpartum check-up,the woman,reported to be very satisfied with the care and follow-up received,and with the new genitals’ appearance. She had restarted sexual intercourses with no pain. Geographical coverage Region(s):Southeastern Asia Country(ies):Cambodia Source

Female genital mutilation/cutting,timing of deinfibulation,and risk of cesarean section (2021)

This study is a Descriptive research regarding I,II,III FGM/C with the following characteristics: Author(s): Taraldsen S,Vangen S,Øian P,Sørbye IK FGM/C Type(s): I,II,III Health area of focus: Gynaecological,risk of cesarean section. Objective: The aims of this study were,first,to examine the association between female genital mutilation/cutting and the risk of cesarean section in Norway,and,second,whether the timing of deinfibulation affected the cesarean section risk. Study Population: nulliparous Somali-born women who gave birth in Norway between 1990 and 2014 Findings: Women with female genital mutilation/cutting type 3 had lower risk of cesarean section compared with women with no female genital mutilation/cutting (OR 0.54,95% CI 0.33-0.89 P = .02). Among the 1504 included women,the cesarean section rate was 28.0% and the proportion of emergency operations was 92.9%. Fetal distress was the primary indication in approximately 50% of cases,across the groups with different female genital mutilation/cutting status. Women who had no deinfibulation before labor onset had lower risk of cesarean section compared with those who underwent deinfibulation before or during pregnancy (OR 0.64,95% CI 0.46-0.88 P = .01).Conclusions High risk of cesarean section in Somali nulliparous women was not related to the type of female genital mutilation/cutting in the present study. Deinfibulation before labor did not protect against cesarean section. Our findings indicate that nulliparous Somali women are at high risk of intrapartum complications. Future research should focus on measures to reduce maternal morbidity and on how timing of deinfibulation affects the outcomes of vaginal births. Geographical coverage Region(s):Northern Europe Country(ies):Norway Source

Female genital mutilation/cutting: changes and trends in knowledge,attitudes,and practices among health care professionals in The Gambia (2016)

This study is a Descriptive research regarding I,II FGM/C with the following characteristics: Author(s): Adriana Kaplan Marcusán, Laura Riba Singla,Mass Laye, Dodou M Secka,Mireia Utzet,Marie-Alix Le Charles FGM/C Type(s): I,II Health area of focus: None. Objective: To explore trends and to measure and assess changes in knowledge,attitudes,and practices regarding FGM/C among health care professionals (HCPs) in The Gambia Study Population: Health Professionals,Students Findings: The results of this study showed that 76.4% of the health care professionals HCPs were eager to abandon FGM/C,and 71.6% of them regard it as a harmful practice with negative consequences on life and health. HCPs reported more knowledge and favorable attitudes towards FGM/C abandonment,being better able to identify the practice,more aware of its health complications,and more concerned in their essential role as social agents of change. However,25.4% of HCPs still embraced the continuation of the practice,24.4% expressed intention of subjecting their own daughters to it,and 10.5% declared to have performed it within their professional praxis Geographical coverage Region(s):Western Africa Country(ies):Gambia Source

Female genital mutilation/cutting: Emerging factors sustaining medicalization related changes in selected Kenyan communities (2020)

This study is a Descriptive research regarding All FGM/C with the following characteristics: Author(s): S kimani,C Kabiru,J Muteshi ,J Guyo FGM/C Type(s): All Health area of focus: None. Objective:  to understand the drivers of medicalization in FGM/C in selected Kenyan communities. Study Population: Abagusii,somali and kuria communities(cut women of reproductive age,mothers of girls who have been cut;medically or traditionally.husbands or partners of the cut women or girls. Health care providers,TBAs,community leaders and NGO representatives. Findings: The persistence of FGM/C in the three communities was associated with social norms that have been observed for generations. Participants from the three communities noted that FGM/C was a cultural and traditional practice that members were obliged to perform as a form of respect to forefathers.Across the three communities,FGM/C is regarded as an important prerequisite for marriage. Geographical coverage Region(s):Eastern Africa Country(ies):kenya Source

Female Genital Mutilation/Cutting: Innovative Training Approach for Nurse-Midwives in High Prevalent Settings (2018)

This study is a Exploratory research regarding All FGM/C with the following characteristics: Author(s): Kimani,S.,Esho,T.,Kimani,V.,Muniu,S.,Kamau,J.,Kigondu,C.,… Guyo,J. FGM/C Type(s): All Health area of focus: None. Objective: The study aimed to determine the current FGM/C knowledge and effect of training among nurse-midwives using an electronic tool derived from a paper-based quiz on FGM/C among nurse-midwives. Study Population: Nurse-midwives Findings: The participants’ awareness of FGM/C-related consequences was proven by the number of nurse-midwives who correctly answered questions about physical impact (69.2 percent),psychological impact (69.2 percent),sexual impact (57.7 percent),and social impact (69.2 percent) (38.5 percent ). In addition,participants were aware of the nurse-midwife’s roles as a counselor (69.2%),an advocate (80.8%),a leader (26.9%),a role model (42.3%),and a caregiver (42.3%). (34.6 percent ). After training,these results improved considerably. Nurse-midwives exhibited significant expertise of FGM/C. However,they demonstrated difficulty in preventing/rejecting the medicalization of FGM/C,and there were knowledge gaps regarding sexual and social complications,as well as the specific roles of NM.) This underscores the need to implement innovative FGM/C training interventions in order to equip health professionals with the knowledge and skills necessary to respond more effectively to its management and prevention. Geographical coverage Region(s):Eastern Africa Country(ies):Kenya Source

Female Genital Mutilation/Cutting: Innovative TrainingApproach for Nurse-Midwives in High Prevalent Settings (2018)

This study is a Exploratory research regarding All FGM/C with the following characteristics: Author(s): Samuel Kimani,Tammary Esho,Violet Kimani,Samuel Muniu,Jane Kamau,Christine Kigondu,Joseph Karanja,Jaldesa Guyo,  FGM/C Type(s): All Health area of focus: N/A. Objective: Determine the current FGM/C knowledge and effect of training among nurse-midwives using an electronic toolderived from a paper-based quiz on FGM/C among nurse-midwives. Study Population: Nurse midwives Findings: )e mean scores for the quiz were64.8%,improving to 96.2%p