Female Genital Mutilation Hurts Women and Economies (2020)

This study is a Explanatory research regarding All FGM/C with the following characteristics: Author(s): World Health Organization FGM/C Type(s): All Health area of focus: mental health,gynaecological. Objective: to raise awareness of the harmful impacts of FGM among health workers and to engage them in prevention efforts. Study Population: girls,women Findings: total cost of treating the health impacts of FGM would amount to USD 1.4 billion globally per year. For individual countries,these costs would near 10% of their entire yearly expenditure on health. In some countries the figure rises to 30% Geographical coverage Region(s):Not specified Country(ies):Not specified Source

September 8, 2023

Female genital mutilation in a globalized age (2009)

This study is a Exploratory research regarding All FGM/C with the following characteristics: Author(s): Lavender,Rebecca. FGM/C Type(s): All Health area of focus: N/A. Objective:  To reports the findings of a semi-structured survey,exploring current FGM services,conducted at a multi-disciplinary event Study Population: Healthcare professionals,Police Force Findings: Findings suggest that training,information and practical issues need addressing. Furthermore,the routine recording of FGM data needs consideration. The FGM National Clinical group has used these findings to target areas where they can offer support. Geographical coverage Region(s):Northern Europe Country(ies):United Kingdom Source

Female Genital Mutilation in a Young Refugee: A Case Report and Review (2010)

This study is a Case report/study regarding III FGM/C with the following characteristics: Author(s): Suardi E,Mishkin A,Henderson S. FGM/C Type(s): III Health area of focus: Pediatrics/gynaecological. Objective: To present the case of a young woman with a history of FGM,who was repeatedly hospitalized for gastrointestinal complaints of unclear etiology and discuss how her case illustrates the diagnostic and cultural complexity of the psychosocial consequences of FGM and political asylum-seeking Study Population: Women Findings: In the developed world,survivors of FGM may come to medical and psychiatric attention as recently arrived immigrants or refugees,or from within communities that continue the practice,despite local and international prohibitions against it. The case study provides insight into several aspects of assessing mental health in young refugees and asylum-seekers in general and survivors of FGM in particular Geographical coverage Region(s):North America Country(ies):United States Source

Female Genital mutilation in Africa: Promising actions and Persisting challenges (2008)

This study is a Descriptive research regarding All FGM/C with the following characteristics: Author(s): Meaza ashenafi FGM/C Type(s): All Health area of focus: None. Objective: To document the experiences of seven african countries namely,egypt,ethiopia,gambia,guinea,sudan,ghana and kenya and To document and highlight some promising interventions that have contributed to catalyze and facilitate the fight against fgm at the regional,national and local levels Study Population: relevant stakeholders and documents Findings: The findings of this report shows that the majority of african governments in countries where FGM is practiced have made progress in the area of ratifying relevant conventions and in the adoption of laws and polices to fight fgm. despite this evident progress,50% of african countries where fgm is practiced still do not have national laws against fgm. ratification of international conventions,domestication,enacting national laws and policies and putting structures in place; show commitment to protection of the rights of the girl child. this is a step in the right direction and the report urges those countries that have not fulfilled their commitment at this level should do so as soon as possible. despite the campaign and advocacy against fgm,demographic and health surveys (dhs) shows that the rate at which fgm is declining is disappointingly slow. for instance,after several years of campaigning and advocacy with the active involvement of the first lady of egypt,fgm prevalence in egypt showed only 1% decrease over 10 years. prevalence was 97% in 1996 and 96% in 2005. fgm prevalence in guinea was 99% in 1999 and 96% in 2005 with a 3% decrease over six years. for ethiopia,prevalence was 80% for the year 2000 and 74% for 2005,a 6% decrease over 5 years. kenya registered similar progress with 38% in 1998 to 32% in 2003,a similar 6% decrease over 5 years. countries that have registered at least a 1% decrease over one year such as guinea,ethiopia and kenya are doing better than those many countries whose rate of progress is below 1%. Geographical coverage Region(s):Western Africa,Eastern Africa,Northern Africa Country(ies):Egypt,Ethiopia,Gambia,Guinea,Sudan,Ghana,Kenya Source

Female genital mutilation in Africa: Scoping the landscape of evidence (2020)

This study is a Explanatory research regarding All FGM/C with the following characteristics: Author(s): O Obiora,J Maree,N Nkosi-Mafutha FGM/C Type(s): All Health area of focus: None. Objective: To describe the publication output on FGM/C conducted in Africa over a period of 10 years and identify trends and gaps to guide future research. Study Population: women and children Findings: Of the 401 articles identified for possible inclusion,only 28 articles met the inclusion requirements. Most of the studies (n = 17; 60.7%) were quantitative and focused on prevalence,attitudes,perpetrators,and health consequences of FGM/C. Two themes and six sub-themes arose from the data. The themes were the practice of FGM/C and the attempts to end FGM/C. Geographical coverage Region(s):Not specified Country(ies):Not specified Source

Female genital mutilation in America: the federal dilemma (2000)

This study is a Exploratory research regarding All FGM/C with the following characteristics: Author(s): White Allen E FGM/C Type(s): All Health area of focus: None. Objective: To explore three posible bases of authority for the federal FGM statute Study Population: None Findings: The paper concluded that based on the supreme court decision concerning the state action limitation inherent in the fourteenth amendement,other bases for enactment of of the federal FGM statute are needed. Geographical coverage Region(s):North America Country(ies):United States Source

Female Genital Mutilation in Central and Southern Iraq (2014)

This study is a Exploratory research regarding All FGM/C with the following characteristics: Author(s): Civil Society Activists and Medical Researchers from the South-Central Area of Iraq FGM/C Type(s): All Health area of focus: None. Objective: To determine the extent of the practice of female genital mutilation (FGM) in parts of Central and Southern Iraq Study Population: Women Findings: The existence and prevalence of female genital mutilation in the Kurdistan region of Iraq was proved and acknowledged through statistical surveys. Before,it was denied and surrounded by complete silence. The results documented the need for legal action in Iraqi Kurdistan and laid ground for a legal framework designed to curb the practice and criminalize it Geographical coverage Region(s):Western Asia Country(ies):Iraq Source

Female genital mutilation in children presenting to a London safeguarding clinic: a case series (2016)

This study is a Exploratory research regarding I,II,IV FGM/C with the following characteristics: Author(s): Hodes D, Armitage A, Robinson K, Creighton SM FGM/C Type(s): I,II,IV Health area of focus: None. Objective: To describe the presentation and management of children referred with suspected female genital mutilation (FGM) to a UK safeguarding clinic Study Population: Children,Women Findings: Of the 47 girls referred,27 (57%) had confirmed FGM. According to the WHO classification of genital findings,FGM type 1 was found in 2 girls,type 2 in 8 girls and type 4 in 11 girls. No type 3 FGM was seen. The circumstances of FGM were known in 17 cases,of which 12 (71%) were performed by a health professional or in a medical setting (medicalisation). Ten cases were potentially illegal,yet despite police involvement there have been no prosecutions. The study also demonstrated significant medicalisation of FGM,which matches recent trends in international data. Type 4 FGM performed in infancy is easily missed on examination and so vigilance in assessing children with suspected FGM is essential. Geographical coverage Region(s):Northern Europe Country(ies):United Kingdom Source

Female genital mutilation in children presenting to Australian paediatricians. (2017)

This study is a Descriptive research,Exploratory research regarding All FGM/C with the following characteristics: Author(s): Zurynski,Y.,Phu,A.,Sureshkumar,P.,Cherian,S.,Deverell,M.,& Elliott,E. J. FGM/C Type(s): All Health area of focus: Effects of FGM. Objective: Description of FGM/C in Australian children Study Population: paediatricians/childhealth specialists in Australia Findings: Twenty-three (2.3%) respondents had seen 59 children with FGM/C and provided detailed data for 31.Most (89.7%) were identified during refugee screeningand were born in Africa. Three (10.3%) were born inAustralia: two had FGM/C in Australia and one inIndonesia. All parents were born overseas,mainly Africa(98.1%). Ten children had WHO FGM/C type I,five typeII,five type III and six type IV. Complications in eightchildren included recurrent genitourinary infections,menstrual,sexual,fertility and psychological problems.Nineteen children (82.6%) were referred to obstetrics/gynaecology: 16 (69.9%) to social work and13 (56.5%) to child protection. Geographical coverage Region(s):Australia and New Zealand Country(ies):Australia Source

Female genital mutilation in developing countries: an agenda for public health response (2004)

This study is a Descriptive research regarding All FGM/C with the following characteristics: Author(s): Jones Susan D.,John Ehiri,and Ebere Anyanwu FGM/C Type(s): All Health area of focus: . Objective: To present potentially effective prevention interventions targeted at local practitioners of FGM,parents,at-risk adolescents,health and social workers,governments,religious authorities,the civil society,and communities. Study Population: Findings: Recognizing that there is no simple solution to the problem,the paper argues that interventions for preventing FGM should be non-directive,culture-specific and multi-faceted to be of practical relevance. Such interventions should not only motivate change,but should also help communities to establish practical means by which that change can occur. Geographical coverage Region(s):Not specified Country(ies):Not specified Source