Exploring female genital cutting among survivors of torture (2016)

This study is a Exploratory research regarding All FGM/C with the following characteristics: Author(s): Akinsulure-Smith Adeyinka M.,and Tracy Chu FGM/C Type(s): All Health area of focus: Psychological. Objective: To presents a secondary analysis of data to asses prevalence and impact of the practice among documented survivors of torture from 514 African-born women at an interdisciplinary clinic for survivors of torture Study Population: African-born women at an interdisciplinary clinic for survivors of torture. Findings: Results indicate few demographic differences between those who experienced FGC and those who had not,though a larger proportion of the FGC group were West African and identified as Muslim. Many with FGC were in the process of applying for asylum,reported sexual and psychological torture,and cited gender as a basis for their persecution. The FGC group evidenced unique correlates related to immigration status and psychological and sexual torture experiences that the non-FGC group did not. Findings indicate that female survivors of torture with FGC represent a distinct group with specific mental health needs. Geographical coverage Region(s):Not specified Country(ies):Not specified Source

September 8, 2023

Exploring female genital cutting among West African immigrants (2014)

This study is a Exploratory research regarding All FGM/C with the following characteristics: Author(s): Akinsulure-Smith Adeyinka M FGM/C Type(s): All Health area of focus: None. Objective: to examine the experiences of FGC among West African immigrant women in the US Study Population: Women from the Sierra Leonean and Liberian immigrant communities Findings: Of the 23 participants,7 reported a history of FGC,with Muslim participants reporting significantly higher rates of FGC than Christians (Fisher’s Exact = .045). Most of the women who had experienced FGC were from Sierra Leone (Fisher’s Exact = .027). Geographical coverage Region(s):North America Country(ies):United States Source

Exploring Perceptions of Female Genital Mutilation/Cutting Abandonment (FGM/C) in Kenyan Health Care Professionals (2021)

This study is a Descriptive research regarding All FGM/C with the following characteristics: Author(s): Mohamud A,Qureshi Z,de Wildt G,Jones L. FGM/C Type(s): All Health area of focus: None. Objective: The study aimed to explore Kenyan health care professionals’ (HCPs) perceptions of FGM/C abandonment and,in particular,those focused on those serving Maasai communities who continue to practice FGM/C. Study Population: Kenyan Health Care Professionals Findings: Using a grounded theory Straussian approach,18 interviews were conducted with HCPs in Kajiado County,Kenya,to understand perceptions of FGM/C as a cultural practice,identify barriers and facilitators to abandonment,and explore attitudes to medicalization (FGM/C conducted by HCPs) and alternatives of FGM/C. Within a substantive theory,one core category (“FGM/C persists but can be abandoned”) comprised two subcategories: “exploring the influencers of persistence” and the “roadmap to abandonment.” HCPs believed collaborative multilateral efforts were necessary to support successful abandonment and that “enlightening” the community needed to focus on changing the perception of FGM/C as a social norm alongside a health risk educational approach. Future effective intervention is needed to support the abandonment of FGM/C in Kenya Geographical coverage Region(s):Eastern Africa Country(ies):Kenya Source

Exploring Perceptions of Female Genital Mutilation/Cutting Abandonment (FGM/C) in Kenyan Health Care Professionals (2021)

This study is a Exploratory research regarding All FGM/C with the following characteristics: Author(s): Mohamud A,Qureshi Z,de Wildt G,Jones L FGM/C Type(s): All Health area of focus: None. Objective: This grounded theory (GT) study aimed to investigate the perceptions and attitudes of HCPs to the abandonment of FGM/C in Kajiado County,Kenya. The objectives were to (a) understand the perceptions of FGM/C as a cultural practice,(b) identify barriers and facilitators to its abandonment,(c) explore attitudes to the medicalization of FGM/C,and (d) explore attitudes to alternatives of FGM/C such as ARP Study Population: Participants were eligible for recruitment if they worked as any Health Care Provider cadre including,but not limited to,doctors,nurses,midwives,social workers,and community health workers. Participants had to be working at Kajiado Referral Hospital,have experience of caring for FGM/C affected girls or women within the last 5 years,be able to converse fluently in English,and give written informed consent to interview and audio-recording. There were no exclusion criteria Findings: The majority of participants were: female; over the age of 35 years; a nurse; regularly providing care to FGM/C-affected girls or women; reported that FGM/C prevalence was high; and aware of local abandonment activities and FGM/C illegality. Half of participants identified as Maasai. HCPs believed collaborative multilateral efforts were necessary to support successful abandonment and that “enlightening” the community needed to focus on changing the perception of FGM/C as a social norm alongside a health risk educational approach. Future effective intervention is needed to support the abandonment of FGM/C in Kenya. Geographical coverage Region(s):Eastern Africa Country(ies):Kenya Source

Exploring the association between FGM/C and fistula: A review of the evidence. (2017)

This study is a Systematic Review regarding All FGM/C with the following characteristics: Author(s): Sripad,P.,Ndwiga,C.,& Keya,K. T. FGM/C Type(s): All Health area of focus: Effects of Obstetric Fistula on women that had undergone FGM. Objective: To assess the state of evidence on the association of FGM/C and fistula and conceptually mappingthis association within broader social,political,and healthsystems contexts Study Population: Relied on articles Findings: Maternal and new born consequences during pregnancy,labour,delivery,and postpartum are the most commonly cited as factors affecting the FGM/C and fistula relationship. Quality of care and the capacity of the health system to prevent,detect,and treat consequences of FGM/C affects the likelihood of a woman developing a fistula. Poverty,an inability to work,living in a rural area, limited access to health services, and malnutrition (stunting) increase the likelihood of women undergoing FGM/C and developing fistula. The level of education influences a family’s choice to continue or abandon the FGM/C practice for a daughter and also has implications on their awareness around the importance of antenatal care and facility delivery to prevent fistula Geographical coverage Region(s):Not specified Country(ies):Not specified Source

Exploring the associations between FGM/C and early/child marriage: a review of the evidence. (2017)

This study is a Systematic Review regarding All FGM/C with the following characteristics: Author(s): Karumbi,J.,& Jacinta,M. (2017) FGM/C Type(s): All Health area of focus: None. Objective: To assess the association between FGM/C and Early/Child Marriagein contexts where both practices are carried out. Study Population: Relied on articles Findings: The evidence on the association between FGM/C and Early/Child Marriage is generally scant. Knowledge gaps remain in our understanding of the links between the trendsand factors of child marriage in relation to FGM/C and other indicatorssuch as education,empowerment,violence,migration,civil strife and war. Geographical coverage Region(s):Not specified Country(ies):Not specified Source

Exploring the capacity of the Somaliland healthcare system to manage female genital mutilation / cutting-related complications and prevent the medicalization of the practice: a crosssectional study (2020)

This study is a Exploratory research regarding All FGM/C with the following characteristics: Author(s): M Yussuf,D Matanda ,R Powell FGM/C Type(s): All Health area of focus: None. Objective: to explore factors impacting the capacity of the Somaliland healthcare system to prevent the medicalization,and manage the complications of,FGM/C. Study Population: healthcare professionals:medical doctors,clinical managers,nurses,midwives and system administrators. Findings: Healthcare workers reported understanding the adverse impact of FGM/C on the health of girls and women. However,they faced multiple contextual challenges in their preventative and management roles at the individual level,e.g.,they lacked specific formal training on the prevention and management of FGM/C complications and its medicalization; institutional level,e.g.,many facilities lacked funding and equipment for effective FGM/C management; and policy level,e.g.,no national policies exist on the management of FGM/C complications and against its medicalization. Geographical coverage Region(s):Eastern Africa Country(ies):Somalia Source

Exploring the links: female genital mutilation/cutting and early marriage (2014)

This study is a Exploratory research regarding All FGM/C with the following characteristics: Author(s): World Vision UK FGM/C Type(s): All Health area of focus: None. Objective: Aims to explore some of the potential links between the practices of FGM/C and early marriage. In doing so,it looks at some of the drivers of these practices,and will make the case that in contexts where both FGM/C and early marriage are practised,development research,policy and programmes would be well advised to address the two practices in tandem Study Population: Girls,Mothers and fathers,community-level key informants and World Vision’s programmes in Africa where both FGM/C and early marriage are prevalent Findings: The key drivers identified by this study are: gender inequality and social norms,a desire to control female sexual activity,religious misconceptions and limited economic opportunities for women and girls. Geographical coverage Region(s):Eastern Africa Country(ies):Ethiopia Source

Exploring the nature and extent of normative change in FGM/C in Somaliland (2020)

This study is a Exploratory research regarding All FGM/C with the following characteristics: Author(s): R Powell,M Yussuf,B Shell-Duncan,C Kabiru FGM/C Type(s): All Health area of focus: None. Objective: to investigate which norms associated with FGM/C are consistent with a social coordination norm; which norms—if any—are associated with different stages of readiness to change; how,to what extent,and by whom the norms and practices are being contested or altered‘ and if the stages of readiness to change are associated with gender,location (i.e.,rural and urban),and generational differences. Study Population: women aged 18–40 years who have given birth to at least one girl,men Findings: Geographical coverage Region(s):Eastern Africa Country(ies):Somalia Source

Exposure of Early Adolescent Girls to Genital MutilationCutting. (2017)

This study is a Descriptive research regarding All FGM/C with the following characteristics: Author(s): Sayeda,M.,Al-Attarb,G. S.,& Elgibalyb,O. FGM/C Type(s): All Health area of focus: N/A. Objective: Determining the prevalence and correlates of FGM/C among early adolescents in Egypt. Study Population: adolescent girls aged 10 –14 years Findings: FGM/C is still a major threat to early adolescent girls in Egypt especially by medical personnel among rural and poor families. Nearly two thirds of 10–14 years old girls in Egypt were exposed to FGM/C.FGM/C was carried on the majority of them by medical personnel (70.7%) at home or at private medical facilities. Older age,living in rural areas,and belonging to lowest wealth quintile were the main predictors of FGMC exposure. Geographical coverage Region(s):Northern Africa Country(ies):Egypt Source