Critical analysis of interventions against FGC in Egypt (2000)

This study is a Explanatory research regarding All FGM/C with the following characteristics: Author(s): Abdel-Tawab Nahla,Sahar Hegazi FGM/C Type(s): All Health area of focus: None. Objective: To contribute to the formulation of successful interventions to discourage the harmful practice of FGC in Egypt. The specific objectives of this study include: 1. To document and critically assess case studies of NGO and governmental programs working to combat the practice of FGC in Egypt. 2. To identify gaps and limitations in the conduct of FGC interventions. 3. To examine indicators used for the evaluation of programs against FGC,relating to process,output and outcome level assessments. 4. To disseminate the results of the meta-assessment both within Egypt and elsewhere Study Population: NGO Officials Findings: Interviews with NGO officials revealed four types of interventions: · awareness-raising lectures and seminars for the community at large; · use of influential community members and/or positive deviants as change agents; · integration FGC eradication activities within other developmental activities; and · advocacy activities to influence policy-makers and opinion leaders at the community and national level Geographical coverage Region(s):Northern Africa Country(ies):Egypt Source

September 8, 2023

Critical Thinking and experiences of women who have suffered female genital mutilation: A case study (2018)

This study is a Descriptive research regarding All FGM/C with the following characteristics: Author(s): Siles-González,J.,Reig-Alcaraz,M.,Noreña-Peña,A. L. & Solano-Ruiz,C. FGM/C Type(s): All Health area of focus: None. Objective: The study aimed to identify the factors that affect FGM and its impact through the experiences experienced by women who have suffered it. Study Population: Women Findings: The patriarchally regulated culture is the cradle of this “custom” that has a very pronounced socializing component in a variety of cultures and religions. The choice to opt out of this practice results in the complete marginalization of the “rebellious” woman and her family. Habitus and logical conformism assist the continuation of female genital mutilation as a rite of passage with a subjective and socially accepted institutional nature. The most important strategy for combating female genital mutilation is critical thinking in the context of transculturality,which promotes the opening of the feminine world to multiple ways of thinking. Geographical coverage Region(s):Southern Europe Country(ies):Spain Source

Crossing borders: discussing the evidence relating to the mental health needs of women exposed to female genital mutilation (2014)

This study is a Exploratory research regarding All FGM/C with the following characteristics: Author(s): Peggy Mulongo,Sue Mc Andrew,Caroline Hollins Martin FGM/C Type(s): All Health area of focus: Mental health. Objective: Evidence relating to mental health consequences of FGM,theraputic evidence and the mental health nurse’s role in addressing needs of this group of women Study Population: Women and clinical psychologists Findings: What participants wanted frm clinical Psychologists was for them to have knowledge about how the practice is accounted for and that Psychologist should facilatate convasition about FGM during consultations by asking questions and responding in a sensetive and non-judjemental manner. Minimal knowledge and exprience on FGM among the clinical Psychologists and the need for variety of training inorder to increase there confidence in working with women who have exprienced FGM. While tradition and culture play a central role in thepractice of FGM,it is nevertheless a breach of women’s human rights that impacts on their mental and physical well-being. Geographical coverage Region(s):Not specified Country(ies):Not specified Source

Crossing cultural divides A qualitative systematic review of factors influencing the provision of healthcare related to female genital mutilation from the perspective of health professionals (2019)

This study is a Exploratory research regarding All FGM/C with the following characteristics: Author(s): Evans,C.,Tweheyo,R.,McGarry,J.,Eldridge,J.,Albert,J.,Nkoyo,V.,& Higginbottom,G. FGM/C Type(s): All Health area of focus: None. Objective: The specific aim was to explore the experiences,needs,barriers and facilitators to providing FGM-related healthcare from the perspective of health professionals Study Population: Health professional Findings: There were 20 descriptive themes summarised into six analytical themes that highlighted factors perceived to influence care: knowledge and training,communication,cultural (mis)understandings,identification of FGM/C,clinical management practices and service configuration Geographical coverage Region(s):Western Europe,Eastern Europe,Southern Europe,Northern Europe,Western Asia,Australia and New Zealand,North America,Central America,Eastern Asia,South America Country(ies):Australia,Austria,Belgium,Canada,Chile,Colombia,Costa rica,Czechia,Denmark,Estonia,Finland,France,Germany,Greece,Hungary,Iceland,Ireland,Israel,Italy,Japan,Korea,Latvia,Lithuania,Luxembourg,Mexico,Netherlands,New zealand,Norway,Poland,Portugal,Slovak republic,Slovenia,Spain,Sweden,Switzerland,Türkiye,United kingdom,United States Source

Cultural awareness about female genital mutilation among female employees of Minia University (2011)

This study is a Descriptive research regarding All FGM/C with the following characteristics: Author(s): Ekbal Emam,Abeer M. EL-Maghawri,Shokria A. Labeeb FGM/C Type(s): All Health area of focus: Exploratory research. Objective: To assess the awareness and attitudes of women in Upper Egypt regarding FGM,and to identify the underlying motives that may help in change Study Population: Women Findings: The study results showed that women’s age ranged between 18 and 60 years,and 30.7% were illiterate; 95.7% of women and 77.3% of their daughters were circumcised. The attitude towards FGM was generally encouraging it. Multivariate analysis showed that lower education and having been circumcised were the statistically significant independent predictors of the attitude score. Meanwhile,the determinants of getting daughter circumcised were woman’s older age,religious belief,lower education,and more encouraging attitude score. Geographical coverage Region(s):Northern Africa Country(ies):Egypt Source

Cultural Beliefs,Perceptions,and Experiences on Female Genital Mutilation Among Women and Men: A Qualitative Analysis. (2021)

This study is a Exploratory research regarding All FGM/C with the following characteristics: Author(s): González-Timoneda A,Sánchez AC,González-Timoneda M,Ros VR FGM/C Type(s): All Health area of focus: None. Objective: This study aimed to assess the experience,knowledge,attitudes,and beliefs related to FGM of migrant women and men from FGM-affected countries residing in Spain and the United Kingdom Study Population: Of the 23 participants,20 immigrant women had undergone FGM Findings: The following five themes were generated from interviews: (a) FGM practice development,(b) knowledge about the practice,(c) reasons for performing FGM,(d) attitudes toward continuing or abandoning the practice,and (e) criminalization of FGM. The study here presented identifies a lack of information,memory,and knowledge about the practice of FGM and typology among women with FGM. The justification of the practice seems to be based on a multifactorial model,where sociocultural and economic factors,sexual factors,hygienic-esthetic factors,and religious-spiritual factors take on a greater role in the analysis of the interviews carried out. The participants practically unanimously agree to advocate the abandonment and eradication of this harmful traditional practice. The knowledge displayed in this study may provide a basis for improving awareness and healthcare in such collectives,aiming the eradication of this harmful traditional practice. Geographical coverage Region(s):Southern Europe,Northern Europe Country(ies):Spain,United Kingdom Source

Cultural change after migration: Circumcision of girls in Western migrant communities (2016)

This study is a Systematic Review regarding All FGM/C with the following characteristics: Author(s): Johnsdotter,S.,& Essén,B. FGM/C Type(s): All Health area of focus: None. Objective: To review the state of knowledge on cultural change after migration on the practice of FGM Study Population: Relied on articles Findings: There appears to be a radical shift in attutudes and views towards FGM ,especially the exptreme forms,among migrants Geographical coverage Region(s):Not specified Country(ies):Not specified Source

Cultural change after migration: Circumcision of girls in Western migrant communities (2016)

This study is a Exploratory research regarding All FGM/C with the following characteristics: Author(s): Johnsdotter Sara,and Birgitta Essén FGM/C Type(s): All Health area of focus: None. Objective: To review current knowledge on cultural change after migration in the practice of female circumcision,also named genital cutting or mutilation. Study Population: FGM research Studies Findings: Exploratory studies show trends of radical change in this practice,especially the most extensive form of its kind. The widespread interpretation that Islam would require circumcision of girls is questioned when,for example,Somalis meet other migrants,such as Arab Muslims,who do not circumcise their daughters. The few criminal court cases for circumcision of girls that have taken place in Western countries corroborate the conclusion that substantial change of the practice has occurred among migrants. Geographical coverage Region(s):Not specified Country(ies):Not specified Source

Cultural evolution and the interethnic transfer of female genital modification in the African diaspora and indigenous populations of Colombia (2015)

This study is a Descriptive research regarding All FGM/C with the following characteristics: Author(s): Ross Cody T,Patricia Joyas Campiño,Bruce Winterhalder FGM/C Type(s): All Health area of focus: None. Objective: To present a quantitative account based on ethnographic and documentary research of the prevalence of female genital modification (FGMo) in the African diaspora and indigenous populations of Colombia Study Population: Women Findings: The study concluded that the prevalence and severity of practices related to FGM/C declined with level of sociocultural integration into mainstream Colombian culture Geographical coverage Region(s):South America Country(ies):Colombia Source

Cultural explanations and procedures about female genital mutilation (2015)

This study is a Exploratory research regarding All FGM/C with the following characteristics: Author(s): Ogunsiji,Olayide,and Lesley Wilkes FGM/C Type(s): All Health area of focus: None. Objective: To gain insight into the cultural issues that inform FGM and the associated procedures will empower nurses,midwives and other health providers in Australia and other western countries in educating affected women and girls against the practice. This will contribute to the global effort at eradicating the practice. Study Population: African migrant women Findings: Findings revealed that female circumcision is a cultural practice passed on from one generation to the other. The women in the study stated that Africans believe that girls that are not circumcised will be promiscuous and may not get husbands to marry. They further stated that it is a thing of great shame for the family of a married woman who is not found to be a virgin on the day of marriage. The participating women stated that rather than inflicting harm on their girls,Africans believe that they are preparing their daughters for marriage. The procedures according to the women used to be attended with crude instruments such as razor blade and broken glass while the legs of the girl to be circumcised are held wide open. While some of these findings have been reported in some literature,empirical studies in Australia with these findings are lacking Geographical coverage Region(s):Australia and New Zealand Country(ies):Australia Source