Mutilazioni dei genitali femminili: classificazione,diffusione e conseguenze sulla salute (Female genital mutilation: classification,prevalence,and health consequences) (2007)

This study is a Explanatory research regarding All FGM/C with the following characteristics: Author(s): Casale Silvia,and Saulo Sirigatti FGM/C Type(s): All Health area of focus: health consequences. Objective: To provide scientific literature review about plevalance,reasons and health consequences of FGM Study Population: None Findings: Geographical coverage Region(s):Not specified Country(ies):Not specified Source

September 8, 2023

Narratives of community engagement: a systematic review-derived conceptual framework for public health interventions. (2017)

This study is a Systematic Review regarding All FGM/C with the following characteristics: Author(s): Brunton,G.,Thomas,J.,O’Mara-Eves,A.,Jamal,F.,Oliver,S.,& Kavanagh,J. FGM/C Type(s): All Health area of focus: None. Objective: To describe the range of models and approaches underpinning community engagement and the mechanisms and contexts through which communities are engaged Study Population: relied on articles Findings: Three POTENTIALLY effective models of effective engagement were identified,either used singly or in combination were identified and these utilised peer-led delivery; employed varying degrees ofcollaboration between communities and health services; or built on empowerment philosophies Geographical coverage Region(s):Not specified Country(ies):Not specified Source

Negotiating female genital cutting as a difficult characteristic in Kurdish national identity (2019)

This study is a Descriptive research regarding All FGM/C with the following characteristics: Author(s): Lunde,I. B.,Sagbakken,M.,& Johansen,R. E. B. FGM/C Type(s): All Health area of focus: None. Objective: Based on fieldwork among Kurds in Norway,this article explores how participants described the presence of female genital cutting (FGC) in Kurdistan as a difficult topic to address in public Study Population: those self-identifying as Iranian or Iraqi Kurds (28 participants) and those working in organisations targeting FGC and/or Kurds both in Norway and Iraqi Kurdistan (12 participants). All Iranian- and IraqiKurdish participants had migrated from Kurdistan to Norway and had lived in Norway for 6-20 years. Their ages ranged from early 20s to late 50s. Their professions varied widely,and the group included artists,engineers,volunteers,housewives,journalists,unemployed,students,and translators Findings: The participants associated FGC with a “traditional mindset” and perceptions of female sexuality that did not readily fit into new ideologies of women’s liberation. Based on literature on how to manage a “difficult” characteristic in national identity construction,we argue that the participants’ negotiation of “modern” and “traditional” aspects of national identity is one strategy for dealing with FGC. FGC has the potential for spoiled national identity. However,we find reason to suggest that a condemnation of the practice based on women’s liberation may strengthen the aspects of Kurdish national aspirations that are grounded in human rights and gender equality Geographical coverage Region(s):Northern Europe Country(ies):Norway Source

Negotiating intersecting forms of oppression : female genital cutting (FGC) and cultural change after migration (2021)

This study is a Exploratory research regarding All FGM/C with the following characteristics: Author(s): Kakela E. FGM/C Type(s): All Health area of focus: None. Objective: This thesis contributes to new knowledge by illuminating how cultural change and FGC-affected women’s experiences of trauma are shaped by state policies on asylum,migrant incorporation and cultural diversity Study Population: Findings: By tracing migrant women’s experiences of departure,displacement and resettlement,this thesis demonstrates the intersecting social,cultural,political and economic conditions which sustain women’s continuums of violence before and after migration. The findings illustrate how the collision of anti-FGC and anti-immigration discourses creates barriers for women to remake their lives after violence and displacement. I illuminate how these discourses materialise to perpetuate further trauma and to constrain women’s spaces for action to challenge FGC and other forms of gender-based violence within their communities. Geographical coverage Region(s):Northern Europe Country(ies):United Kingdom Source

Neonatal outcomes of female genital mutilation/cutting (fgm/c) in the gambia: results from a multicentre prospective observational study (2018)

This study is a Descriptive research regarding All FGM/C with the following characteristics: Author(s): Armitage,A. J.,Bittaye,M.,Agbala,S.,& Idoko,P. FGM/C Type(s): All Health area of focus: None. Objective: This study aimed to provide national data on healthcare outcomes (previously lacking) to support advocacy and health education. Study Population: Consenting women aged 18 and over presenting in early labour (singleton foetus) with or without FGM/C Findings: There was no association between FGM/C and low-birthweight babies observed in this study. A statistically significant increased risk of perinatal death was observed with type II FGM/C. The study may be underpowered to demonstrate increased risk across all types of FGM/C. Increased risk of need for neonatal resuscitation was observed in all forms of FGM/C. These results are in keeping with those from other African countries and,it is hoped,will be useful in the advocacy and sensitisation needed to end this practice. Geographical coverage Region(s):Western Africa Country(ies):Gambia Source

Neuroma of the clitoris after female genital cutting (2003)

This study is a Exploratory research regarding III FGM/C with the following characteristics: Author(s): Fernández-Aguilar Sergio,Jean-Christophe Noël FGM/C Type(s): III Health area of focus: Gynaecological. Objective: To document a case of nerve tumors of the clitoris and particularly neuromas Study Population: Women Findings: This was the first well-documented case of clitoral amputation neuroma occurring after female genital cutting. Considering the high number of genital cuttings practiced,these tumors were probably under-reported in the literature Geographical coverage Region(s):Not specified Country(ies):Not specified Source

New Zealand should intensify efforts to eliminate female genital mutilation by 2030: the views of women from communities that practice FGM/C (2018)

This study is a Descriptive research regarding All FGM/C with the following characteristics: Author(s): Said,A.,Conn,C. & Nayar,S. FGM/C Type(s): All Health area of focus: None. Objective: The purpose of this paper,drawing on the voices of women from FGM/C practicing communities in New Zealand,was to consider areas where the health system can partner with affected communities to better help in preventing FGM/C. Study Population: Women from FGM/C practicing communities Findings: New Zealand must expand local efforts to promote open discourse,combat stigma,and prepare the next generation for a life without FGM (C) together with refugee and migrant communities. In addition,essential personnel require training in culturally sensitive techniques so that they can take better care of persons affected by FGM/C. New Zealand has signed a number of international documents and conventions that call for an end to FGM/C,including the Universal Declaration of Human Rights and The Convention on the Rights of the Child (CRC),and more recently the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). As such,it has a responsibility to address the issue at the very least on a local level and,ideally,to serve as a global model of excellence so that FGM/C can be eradicated swiftly. Geographical coverage Region(s):Australia and New Zealand Country(ies):New Zealand Source

New attempt using labio-vestibular flap technique to manage circumcised women with Rokitansky syndrome (2008)

This study is a Explanatory research regarding All FGM/C with the following characteristics: Author(s): Saeed Mohamed Ahmed Thabet and Athmar Hussein Ali FGM/C Type(s): All Health area of focus: Gynaecological,sexual. Objective: To assess the efficacy of the labio-vestibular flap technique in managing circumcised women with Rokitansky syndrome and in correcting the sexuality defects caused by the anomaly present and by female circumcision. Study Population: circumcised patients with Rokitansky syndrome Findings: The new flap was formed of the remaining parts of the labia minora and the adjoining parts of the vestibule,and was used to cover the posterior and lateral walls. Meanwhile,the anterior wall was covered by the epithelium of the original blind vaginal pouch. The modified Kasr El Aini sexual assessment sheet assessesed sexuality. Results showed that Rokitansky syndrome could be classified into 4 clinical types according to the degree of development of the uterus. The labio-vestibular technique was simple and not associated with any graft rejection,hair growth or contraction of the reformed tract. Dyspareunia and marital failure were less significantly recorded in the labio-vestibular technique than in McIndoe’s technique. But,the most significant results were the improvement in sexuality,in addition to restoration of genital continuation,menstruation and fertility in some cases. The study concluded that the labio-vestibular flab technique was the most simple and most suitable line of treatment for circumcised cases with Rokitansky syndrome. In these cases,the technique achieved good results in correcting sexual defects after circumcision. Geographical coverage Region(s):Northern Africa Country(ies):Egypt Source

New study shows female genital mutilation exposes women and babies to significant risk at childbirth (2006)

This study is a Exploratory research regarding I,II,III FGM/C with the following characteristics: Author(s): World Health Organization FGM/C Type(s): I,II,III Health area of focus: Obstetrics. Objective: To find out whether FGM/C exposes women and babies to significant risk at childbirth Study Population: Women Findings: The study afound that FGM/C put the women’s babies in substantial danger during childbirth. Researchers found there was an increased need to resuscitate babies whose mother had had FGM/C (66% higher in women with FGM/C III). The death rate among babies during and immediately after birth is also much higher for those born to mothers with FGM/C: 15% higher in those with FGM I,32% higher in those with FGM/C II,and 55% higher in those with FGM/C III Geographical coverage Region(s):Western Africa,Eastern Africa,Northern Africa Country(ies):Burkina Faso,Ghana,Kenya,Nigeria,Senegal,Sudan Source

No association between female circumcision and prolonged labour: a case control study of immigrant women giving birth in Sweden (2005)

This study is a Correlation research regarding All FGM/C with the following characteristics: Author(s): Essén,Birgitta, FGM/C Type(s): All Health area of focus: Prolonged labour. Objective: To compare the duration of the second stage of labour between circumcised and non-circumcised women in a high-income community in Europe. Study Population: Circumcised nulliparous and non circumcised (immigrant women) Findings: Circumcised women were found to have had second stage labour,which was significantly statistically shorter (35/53 min,respectively,p ≤ 0.001) and a lower risk of prolonged labour than the non-circumcised group. Geographical coverage Region(s):Northern Europe Country(ies):sweden Source